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At first, we will know what is excipients?
Why excipients used in dosage form formulation?

 Excipients is a chemical substance that is pharmacologically inactive, chemically inert and physically stable.
What is the role of excipients? 
  1. Excipients make up the bulk of the total dosage form
  2. It makes the product taste and looks better

EXCIPIENTS (ADDITIVES) USED IN DOSAGE FORM FORMULATION

There are several excipients used in dosage form formulation following-

1. Diluents: Diluents are filters used to makeup required bulk of dosage form when dosage form itself is inadequate to produce the bulk.
example: lactose, sucrose, mannitol, dextrose etc.

2. Binders: This material are added cohesiveness to powders, thus provide necessary bonding to form granules
examples: Acacia, methylcellulose, starch etc.

3. Disintegrants: These are added to facilitate the breaking of the dosage form(tablets, capsules) when it comes to contact with GI Fluid.
examples: avicel, sodium alginate etc.

4. Lubricants: Lubricants are added to reduce the friction during tablets ejection from the die cavity.
example: calcium stearate, magnesium stearate etc.

5. Glidants: Glidants are intended to increase the flow of granules by reducing the friction between the particles.
examples: corn-starch, talc etc.

6. Colours: Colours are added to cover the colour of drugs and gives better colour.
examples: carotene, chlorophyll etc.

7. Sweeteners: Sweeteners are added to tablet formulation to improve the taste of dosage form.
example: aspartame, dextrose etc.

8. Flavours: Flavours are added to make them tasty enough.
example:- vanilla, anise cherry etc.